Electrosurgical Unit
An electrosurgical unit is a medical device that utilizes the thermal effect of electric current for tissue cutting and coagulation. It conducts an electric current through a conductive electrode to the surgical area so that the target tissue generates heat under the action of the electric current to cut, cauterize, or stop bleeding. The electrosurgical unit can be used for a variety of operations in surgery, including removal of tissue, hemostasis, and separation of tissue.
Main Uses of the Electrosurgical Unit
Tissue Cutting
Rapid and precise cutting of human tissue through high-frequency current, replacing the traditional scalpel.
Efficiency: The cutting process is rapid, reducing operative time and improving operating room turnover.
Neat Incision: Under the action of high-frequency current, the tissues decompose rapidly, and the incision is smooth and precise, which helps recovery after surgery.
Hemostasis and coagulation tissue
During the procedure, the coagulation mode of the medical electrosurgical unit allows for efficient closure of blood vessels and reduction of bleeding in the surgical area.
Reduced Intraoperative Risk: Hemostasis reduces the risk of complications due to heavy bleeding and ensures patient safety.
Clear Surgical Field: Effective hemostasis makes the surgical area clean and easy for the surgeon to operate.
Applications Across Specialties
Types and Functions of Electrosurgical Units
Type |
Working Principle |
Advantages |
Drawbacks |
Applicable Scenarios |
Model Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High-Frequency Electrosurgical Unit | Cutting or coagulating tissue using high-frequency currents (usually 500 kHz or more) through active electrodes | Precise cutting, remarkable hemostasis, short operation time | Potential excessive thermal damage to surrounding tissues | General Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, ENT, and most other surgical procedures |
|
Lipo Knife (LEEP) | Local tissue excision and hemostasis using metal ring electrodes | Simple operation, short operation time, fewer complications, faster postoperative healing | Limited depth of operation, suitable only for superficial tissue | Gynecological diseases, such as cervical erosion, cervical polyps, cervical cancer |
|
Argon Electrosurgical Unit | Coagulation of target tissues using high-frequency currents generated by argon ionization | Minimal tissue oxidation, reduced smoke and odor | More complex equipment, higher cost, additional gas supply required | Endoscopic surgery, hemostasis after gastrointestinal polypectomy, lung tumor management |
|
Radiofrequency Electrosurgery (RFA) | Removal or ablation using radiofrequency current to heat the target tissue to a high temperature | Minimally invasive, small scars, fast recovery | Requires technical proficiency | Liver tumor ablation, arrhythmia radiofrequency ablation, bone tumor ablation |
|
Veterinary Electrosurgical Unit | High-frequency device designed for animal surgeries | Precise cutting, good hemostatic effect, easy to operate | Not suitable for deep cutting of large animals | Veterinary surgeries, including pet surgeries and animal husbandry procedures |
|
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Advantages of Argon Electrosurgical Units
- Argon is an inert gas that reduces tissue oxidation, carbonization, smoke, and odor during surgery.
- Generates argon plasma through high-frequency high-pressure action, forming a stable high-frequency current circuit.
- Provides uniform treatment with no tissue adhesions.
- Controlled depth of electrocoagulation, no carbonization, and excellent surgical field visibility.
- Strong hemostatic ability, especially suitable for surgeries involving high bleeding, such as liver and spleen procedures.
- Can be used in various endoscopic surgeries with the appropriate equipment and accessories.
Benefits of Radiofrequency Electrosurgery
- Low Temperature
Reduced tissue damage, minimal scars, decreased edema, and fast recovery. - Minimally Invasive
Ideal for biopsies, delicate procedures, and minimally invasive surgeries. - Safety
No ground wire or negative pole is required, ensuring no current passes through the body, eliminating surgical accidents. - Ease of Operation
Flexible and precise due to the variety of electrodes and shapes available.
Operating Modes of the Electrosurgical Unit
Monopolar Mode
The current is output from the tip (active electrode) and conducted through the patient’s body to the return electrode to complete the circuit.
Advantages: Fast cutting speed, suitable for large tissue cutting and hemostasis.
Disadvantages: Higher requirements for return electrode placement, with a potential risk of skin burns.
Applications: General surgery (e.g., laparoscopic resection), cesarean section in obstetrics and gynecology.
Bipolar Mode
Accomplishes operation through a localized current between two electrodes, without requiring a circuit through the patient’s body.
Advantages: Less damage to surrounding tissues, safer operation; no return electrode needed.
Disadvantages: Relatively low power, suitable for fine operations rather than extensive cutting.
Applications: Neurosurgery, ophthalmology, ENT, and other precision surgeries.
Difference Between Monopolar and Bipolar Modes
Product Structure
Monopolar requires both the electrode pen and a negative plate, whereas bipolar uses bipolar forceps.
Power
Monopolar requires higher power (300W-500W) due to longer current circulation lines, while bipolar needs lower power (70W-100W) due to shorter circulation lines.
Applications
Monopolar is used for medium to large surgeries and procedures where bipolar cannot be used (e.g., most endoscopic procedures). Bipolar is suited for small, minimally invasive, and delicate surgeries.